2025 Report on EU Competition policy published
The Commission has published its 2025 Report on competition policy, outlining key legislative initiatives, policy developments and enforcement actions over the past year. The report highlights the central role of competition policy in supporting a competitive, clean and resilient Single Market, particularly in the context of ongoing geopolitical challenges and rapid technological change.
On State aid, the report emphasises a strong focus on modernisation and simplification of the framework, notably through the adoption of the Clean Industrial Deal State Aid Framework (CISAF). The Commission also advanced the revision of key instruments such as the General Block Exemption Regulation (GBER) and ETS Guidelines, introduced new rules for affordable housing under Services of General Economic Interest, and provided guidance on support for critical medicines.
Regarding State aid enforcement, the report highlights that it supported the EU’s green and industrial transition, with the Commission approving major schemes for renewable energy and decarbonisation, including large-scale projects in France, Germany, Finland, the Netherlands and Spain. At the same time, targeted measures were authorised to enhance energy security and accelerate the energy transition, including support for hydrogen, sustainable aviation fuel, electricity reserves and nuclear energy projects. Innovation was also promoted through initiatives such as the IPCEI Tech4Cure, highlighting the growing role of State aid in driving strategic investment and cross-border innovation.
For more information, see the 2025 Report on Competition policy