Commission opens in-depth investigation into French support to nuclear programme
The European Commission has launched an in-depth investigation into France’s plan to financially support the construction and operation of six new nuclear reactors (around 10 GW total capacity, costing EUR 72.8 billion). In November 2025, France had notified the Commission of its plan.
The six new reactors will be built in pairs at sites of existing nuclear power plants. The new units are planned for commissioning between 2038 and 2044, and to have a lifetime of 60 years each. The total construction costs are currently estimated at EUR 72.8 billion.
France intends to support the project—led by Électricité de France—through:
- a subsidised loan at a preferential rate (60% of costs),
- a 40-year two way contract for difference to stabilise revenues,
- and a risk-sharing mechanism for unforeseen events.
While the Commission considers the project necessary and beneficial for energy security and decarbonisation, it has concerns about:
- whether the aid is proportionate and not excessive,
- its potential distortion of competition, particularly strengthening EDF’s market power,
- and its compliance with EU electricity market rules.
The investigation is a standard procedure and does not prejudge the final decision.
For more information, see the Commission’s PR.